View of the canopy from the ground at the George Lake Permanent Sampling Plot in a mixedwood boreal forest of central Alberta (Canada). This mosaic is composed of photographs taken at the center of 25 contiguous 20 x 20 m quadrats within the 1 Ha plot. Biotic and abiotic factors have a direct effect on species spatial distribution, which varies largely at different scales. Microhabitat heterogeneity thus plays an important role in influencing how species distribute at local scales. This mosaic shows the fine-scale variation in canopy composition and structure across the George Lake Plot, which influences the variation of both individual species and assemblages of various ground and understory taxa at the same scale.​ Full paper here

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